The Permanent Forum commends Ecuador for its openness in engaging with the Forum. The Forum encourages Ecuador to implement the rulings of the Inter-American Court of Human Rights of 2012 regarding the Kichwa people of Sarayaku and of 2025 regarding the Tagaeri and Taromenane peoples living in voluntary isolation. The Forum is concerned by the need to urgently clear territories affected by explosive ordnance. The Forum is also concerned by reports of criminalization of Indigenous leaders in Ecuador. The Forum invites Ecuador to report on the progress made in relation to the implementation of these rulings and other positive developments at its twenty-fifth session. The Forum also urges Ecuador to adopt the draft national law on free, prior and informed consent, currently under debate in the National Assembly, and developed with the effective participation of Indigenous Peoples.
The Permanent Forum endorses the report of the international expert group meeting on the theme “The rights of Indigenous Peoples, including those in voluntary isolation and initial contact in the context of critical minerals” (E/C.19/2025/4). The Forum urges the United Nations system, the private sector and multinational corporations to collaborate on the implementation of the recommendations contained in the report. Addressing the rights of Indigenous Peoples in voluntary isolation and initial contact is vital and States must take urgent action to comply with these recommendations.
The Permanent Forum recommends that Member States and the United Nations make additional and more steadfast efforts to collect data and perform research regarding Indigenous Peoples in voluntary isolation and in initial contact and the effects of such data and research. The Forum reiterates its recommendation that the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR), in cooperation with regional bodies and Indigenous Peoples, advance the protection of Indigenous Peoples living in voluntary isolation and in initial contact.
The rights of Indigenous Peoples in voluntary isolation and in initial contact continue to face grave threats of dispossession and destruction of their ancestral territories, as well as the risk of genocide, owing to the lack of recognition of their rights. These threats include encroachment by extractive industries and the rapid imposition of monocultures, deforestation, violence, and the presence and proselytism of missionaries, including Mennonite groups. The Permanent Forum urges the application and observance of guidelines and recommendations by regional and international entities, including the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, for the protection of the rights of Indigenous Peoples in voluntary isolation and in initial contact.
States, mining companies and financial institutions must uphold the right of Indigenous Peoples to free, prior and informed consent, including the option to reject proposed projects that would affect their lands and territories. The representation and participation of Indigenous Peoples must be gender-balanced; and their selfdetermination and self-governance structures must be respected. Special protection must be afforded to Indigenous Peoples in voluntary isolation and initial contact, in accordance with the Declaration and existing human rights standards, including respect for precautionary and no-contact principles.
